Exceptions

Uninitialized Value

Goal: implement an enumeration to avoid the use of uninitialized values.

Steps:

  1. Implement the Options package.

    1. Declare the Option enumeration type.

    2. Declare the Uninitialized_Value exception.

    3. Implement the Image function.

Requirements:

  1. Enumeration Option contains:

    1. the Uninitialized value, and

    2. the actual options:

      • Option_1,

      • Option_2,

      • Option_3.

  2. Function Image returns a string for the Option type.

    1. In case the argument to Image is Uninitialized, the function must raise the Uninitialized_Value exception.

Remarks:

  1. In this exercise, we employ exceptions as a mechanism to avoid the use of uninitialized values for a certain type.

package Options is -- Declare the Option enumeration type! type Option is null record; function Image (O : Option) return String; end Options;
package body Options is function Image (O : Option) return String is begin return ""; end Image; end Options;
with Ada.Command_Line; use Ada.Command_Line; with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; with Ada.Exceptions; use Ada.Exceptions; with Options; use Options; procedure Main is type Test_Case_Index is (Options_Chk); procedure Check (TC : Test_Case_Index) is procedure Check (O : Option) is begin Put_Line (Image (O)); exception when E : Uninitialized_Value => Put_Line (Exception_Message (E)); end Check; begin case TC is when Options_Chk => for O in Option loop Check (O); end loop; end case; end Check; begin if Argument_Count < 1 then Put_Line ("ERROR: missing arguments! Exiting..."); return; elsif Argument_Count > 1 then Put_Line ("Ignoring additional arguments..."); end if; Check (Test_Case_Index'Value (Argument (1))); end Main;

Numerical Exception

Goal: handle numerical exceptions in a test procedure.

Steps:

  1. Add exception handling to the Check_Exception procedure.

Requirements:

  1. The test procedure Num_Exception_Test from the Tests package below must be used in the implementation of Check_Exception.

  2. The Check_Exception procedure must be extended to handle exceptions as follows:

    1. If the exception raised by Num_Exception_Test is Constraint_Error, the procedure must display the message "Constraint_Error detected!" to the user.

    2. Otherwise, it must display the message associated with the exception.

Remarks:

  1. You can use the Exception_Message function to retrieve the message associated with an exception.

package Tests is type Test_ID is (Test_1, Test_2); Custom_Exception : exception; procedure Num_Exception_Test (ID : Test_ID); end Tests;
package body Tests is pragma Warnings (Off, "variable ""C"" is assigned but never read"); procedure Num_Exception_Test (ID : Test_ID) is A, B, C : Integer; begin case ID is when Test_1 => A := Integer'Last; B := Integer'Last; C := A + B; when Test_2 => raise Custom_Exception with "Custom_Exception raised!"; end case; end Num_Exception_Test; pragma Warnings (On, "variable ""C"" is assigned but never read"); end Tests;
with Tests; use Tests; procedure Check_Exception (ID : Test_ID) is begin Num_Exception_Test (ID); end Check_Exception;
with Ada.Command_Line; use Ada.Command_Line; with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; with Ada.Exceptions; use Ada.Exceptions; with Tests; use Tests; with Check_Exception; procedure Main is type Test_Case_Index is (Exception_1_Chk, Exception_2_Chk); procedure Check (TC : Test_Case_Index) is procedure Check_Handle_Exception (ID : Test_ID) is begin Check_Exception (ID); exception when Constraint_Error => Put_Line ("Constraint_Error" & " (raised by Check_Exception) detected!"); when E : others => Put_Line (Exception_Name (E) & " (raised by Check_Exception) detected!"); end Check_Handle_Exception; begin case TC is when Exception_1_Chk => Check_Handle_Exception (Test_1); when Exception_2_Chk => Check_Handle_Exception (Test_2); end case; end Check; begin if Argument_Count < 1 then Put_Line ("ERROR: missing arguments! Exiting..."); return; elsif Argument_Count > 1 then Put_Line ("Ignoring additional arguments..."); end if; Check (Test_Case_Index'Value (Argument (1))); end Main;

Re-raising Exceptions

Goal: make use of exception re-raising in a test procedure.

Steps:

  1. Declare new exception: Another_Exception.

  2. Add exception re-raise to the Check_Exception procedure.

Requirements:

  1. Exception Another_Exception must be declared in the Tests package.

  2. Procedure Check_Exception must be extended to re-raise any exception. When an exception is detected, the procedure must:

    1. display a user message (as implemented in the previous exercise), and then

    2. Raise or re-raise exception depending on the exception that is being handled:

      1. In case of Constraint_Error exception, re-raise the exception.

      2. In all other cases, raise Another_Exception.

Remarks:

  1. In this exercise, you should extend the implementation of the Check_Exception procedure from the previous exercise.

    1. Naturally, you can use the code for the Check_Exception procedure from the previous exercise as a starting point.

package Tests is type Test_ID is (Test_1, Test_2); Custom_Exception : exception; procedure Num_Exception_Test (ID : Test_ID); end Tests;
package body Tests is pragma Warnings (Off, "variable ""C"" is assigned but never read"); procedure Num_Exception_Test (ID : Test_ID) is A, B, C : Integer; begin case ID is when Test_1 => A := Integer'Last; B := Integer'Last; C := A + B; when Test_2 => raise Custom_Exception with "Custom_Exception raised!"; end case; end Num_Exception_Test; pragma Warnings (On, "variable ""C"" is assigned but never read"); end Tests;
with Tests; use Tests; procedure Check_Exception (ID : Test_ID);
procedure Check_Exception (ID : Test_ID) is begin Num_Exception_Test (ID); end Check_Exception;
with Ada.Command_Line; use Ada.Command_Line; with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; with Ada.Exceptions; use Ada.Exceptions; with Tests; use Tests; with Check_Exception; procedure Main is type Test_Case_Index is (Exception_1_Chk, Exception_2_Chk); procedure Check (TC : Test_Case_Index) is procedure Check_Handle_Exception (ID : Test_ID) is begin Check_Exception (ID); exception when Constraint_Error => Put_Line ("Constraint_Error" & " (raised by Check_Exception) detected!"); when E : others => Put_Line (Exception_Name (E) & " (raised by Check_Exception) detected!"); end Check_Handle_Exception; begin case TC is when Exception_1_Chk => Check_Handle_Exception (Test_1); when Exception_2_Chk => Check_Handle_Exception (Test_2); end case; end Check; begin if Argument_Count < 1 then Put_Line ("ERROR: missing arguments! Exiting..."); return; elsif Argument_Count > 1 then Put_Line ("Ignoring additional arguments..."); end if; Check (Test_Case_Index'Value (Argument (1))); end Main;